How to graft fruit trees | Agricultural Blog – Blog

Most fruit trees spread better through grafts. If you still don't have treated trees, don't worry. In this guide we will explain step by step what this process implies, offering you different options that you can put into practice.

What is the graft?

The graft is the two -storey artificial union or its parts to give life to a new plant.

What is the portion?

The support is the lower part of the new plant. It must have a robust radical system, since the part on which the graft will be performed and will continue to develop its roots after the operation of the year.

What is the graft?

The stem is the part (twig or yolk) which emerges from a mother plant and which will combine the portion. The stem is part of a species higher than the portion.

The role of the year

Multiplication of trees

The main function of the year is to guarantee the vegetative propagation of the trees. At the same time, through grafts we can increase the resistance of trees to environmental diseases or conditions.

Change of assortment

Another function of the graft process is to diversify the garden by changing the variety of trees that cultivate.

The period in which the graft is made

Spring and Summer-Dowl

The grafting of fruit trees can be done in the spring period, from March to May, or in the summer-voucher, starting from mid-July to mid-September.

The choice of the portion of graft and portion.

The real graft

Through the grafting, the parts obtained from the innest will be introduced in a section obtained by the portion, leaving the yolks outside. The grafts are positioned in the free place. Finally, the adhesive tape is used to wrap the area of ​​the year so that healing is the fastest possible.

Preparation of the portion

Porteros determine how much disease resistant and how much it is capable of adapting to the environment will be the new tree. At the same time, it affects the growth rate of trees.

When choosing the portion, consider the thickness of the branches. They should not exceed about 6 cm. The support will be cut at the height of the cone, perpendicularly, using scissors or a saw. Then, the head will be smooth with the grafting knife. Subsequently, a cut of about 5 cm is carried out on the portion, again with the grafting knife. The section must be performed until the wood is reached. Then we remove the skin of the sides cut with the help of the knife spatula, which we introduce about 2 mm under the skin.

Preparation of the year

The graft must be extracted from a healthy tree. It will be crushed until it forms until the knife is used. During the cut, the graft must have an oblique section of about 4 cm. The cut is made about 1 cm above the epidemic, with the utmost precision possible.

To ensure a better socket, we can remove the cortex from the section until the light green part is exposed (called Edit).

Grafting methods

Cut the joint

It is the fastest and can be done at any time in the spring. It is made by introducing the graft into the longitudinal slot of the center of the portion and thus linking the area grafted with a rope. Therefore, the stucco or the wax are applied throughout the engaged area and in the grafted head.

After the start of the vegetative period we will see if the plant will produce the button. Although in the case of the year divided the possibility of seeing the outbreaks is high, this is not a successful indicator, since it is possible that the rooting has not been achieved. The wire is withdrawn when the union between the graft and the carrier and the part of the year is performed grows on it.

This type of grafting has some disadvantages, one of which is the quite high risk of illness if the crack will not take care of time. Mushrooms and other pathogens can enter the engaged area and compromise the health of the tree.

Local -shaped graft, under the cortex

With this type of graft the plant will not be divided. Instead, a cut of grafts and doors is made to allow us to keep them together. We cut the stem in the form of a letter L. Then, in front of the mirror, we make the same cut on the portion. In this way the two elements adapt and set with the tape from the graft. We cover the area grafted with stucco or wax and wait for the tree to start growing.

High

Is carried out during the vegetative period. With this method, the cut that will be performed in the portal cortex will have the form of T. before performing this type of graft, check the tree cortex. This must be able to get rid of easily and, if we find the opposite, we water the portion and start the growth of the upper part. It is preferable to cut support to about 12-13 cm from the ground. The cut is performed to the wood. First we make the transversal incision, then the longitudinal under the first. The graft is inserted in the incision of the portion and the area is pressed and then linked with adhesive tape.

This is also called «Eye graft during sleep«And it is one of the simplest grafting methods.

Necessary tools

Several tools are used during the graft:

• • Horticultural scissors – used to cut

• • saw – used to cut thick or old branches

• • graft knife – it is used for real grafts (with it we remove the cortex of the portion and insert the graft)

• • graft tape – It serves to cover the area of ​​the year. It helps the plant to heal faster by preventing it for drying.

Farmbee is at your disposal with a range of quality scissors and mountains that you can use with confidence to graft.

What is stucco and how do you prepare?

Stucco is a mixture that is used in grafts to promote faster healing than graft and bearer. With your help, the area of ​​the faster healthy year. At the same time, the stucco maintains diseases and parasites and prevents the oxidation of the plant, protecting it from aerial action.

The stucco is obtained by mixing the rupture (about 1 kg) with res (about 200 g). These two elements must merge into separate containers and then mix at high temperature. This type of stucco does not require heating before the application. The stucco can also be purchased already prepared on the market.

Useful suggestions on the innest.

For a successful graft:

• • Choose higher support with maximum branches of 6 cm. At greater thicknesses, the area in which we will perform the graft will be very difficult to heal and can be influenced by diseases.

• • The age of the portion must vary between 2 and a maximum of 4 years.

• • The stem and portion brought used for the same species or genre.

• • The outbreaks for graft must be resistant and not extremely young.

• • The tree is usually watered a few weeks before being grafted.

• • Spring grafts should be made as soon as possible to increase the possibilities of capture.

Making a grafting is not easy, especially if you are the first experiment of this type, but with careful preparation and enough patience you have all the chances of reaching what you have set. So, do you feel prepared for the grafting of trees this year?